What is a potential long-term consequence of lead exposure in adults?

The correct choice highlights that lead exposure in adults can lead to significant health issues, specifically an increased risk of hypertension and kidney damage. Lead is a toxic metal that can accumulate in the body over time, leading to various health complications.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can be exacerbated by lead exposure as it may disrupt the body's normal regulation of blood pressure. This disruption occurs through lead's interference with the cardiovascular system, promoting vascular constriction and inflammation.

Furthermore, lead is known to be nephrotoxic, meaning it can damage the kidneys. Over time, this damage can lead to chronic kidney disease, which can have serious long-term effects on overall health, including the potential for kidney failure.

The other choices suggest positive health outcomes or a lower risk of chronic diseases, which are not associated with lead exposure. It is well-documented that lead is harmful to health rather than beneficial, making the recognition of its associated risks crucial for public health and safety. Understanding these consequences is vital for those working in environments where lead exposure is a risk, such as home inspections and renovations, to mitigate these health threats effectively.